Learn About PECS

Understanding the Picture Exchange Communication System

What is PECS?

The Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is an augmentative and alternative communication system developed for individuals with autism and other communication difficulties. PECS teaches functional communication through the exchange of pictures, starting with simple exchanges and building to complex sentence structures.

The 6 Phases of PECS

1

How to Communicate

Physical exchange of single picture for desired item

Learning Objectives

  • Pick up picture
  • Reach toward partner
  • Release picture in partner's hand

Success Criteria

  • 80% independent exchanges across 3 sessions
2

Distance and Persistence

Generalize exchange across distance and people

Learning Objectives

  • Travel to communication book
  • Travel to partner
  • Persist when partner not attending

Success Criteria

  • Exchange from various distances
  • Exchange with multiple partners
3

Picture Discrimination

Select from multiple pictures

Learning Objectives

  • Discriminate between 2 pictures
  • Discriminate in larger array
  • Reduce picture size

Success Criteria

  • 80% accuracy with 5+ pictures in array
4

Sentence Structure

Construct sentences on sentence strip

Learning Objectives

  • Use 'I want' starter
  • Attach picture to strip
  • Exchange strip
  • Read sentence aloud

Success Criteria

  • Independently builds and exchanges sentence strips
5

Responsive Requesting

Answer 'What do you want?'

Learning Objectives

  • Respond to 'What do you want?'
  • Spontaneous requesting
  • Mixed trial mastery

Success Criteria

  • Responds within 5 seconds
  • Maintains spontaneous requesting
6

Commenting

Comment in response to questions

Learning Objectives

  • 'I see' responses
  • 'I hear' responses
  • Spontaneous comments
  • Answer varied questions

Success Criteria

  • Uses multiple comment starters
  • Spontaneous commenting emerges

Tips for Success

  • 1Practice in a calm, distraction-free environment
  • 2Use highly motivating items that the learner wants
  • 3Provide immediate reinforcement after successful exchanges
  • 4Keep sessions short and positive (5-15 minutes)
  • 5Be consistent with prompting and fading strategies